An assortment of building occupancy examples are classified in Sec. A.5.2 of the NFPA 13 Appendix. The following are noted as light hazard occupancies: offices, churches, schools, museums, auditoriums, library seating areas, restaurant seating areas, and unused attics. The greatest or most complete or best possible sprinkler spacing (protection area) for these is cited in Table 8.6.2.2.1(a) if ordinary sprinklers are used. Usually, the greatest or most complete or best possible limit is 225 square feet for light hazard on a hydraulically calculated system. However, when exposed construction is combustible, with structural members spaced less than 3 ft. apart, the greatest or most complete or best possible coverage limit shrinks to 130 square feet.

Ordinary hazard Group 1 occupancies include laundries, restaurant service areas, and automobile parking garages. Ordinary hazard Group 2 occupancies include the aforementioned arid cleaners, automobile fix and services areas, auditorium stages, woodworking plants, post offices, and stack room areas of libraries. Standard sprinklers protecting all standard hazard occupancies shall not cover an excess of 130 square feet per head (Table 8.6.2.2.1(b).

Extra hazard occupancy examples include printing plants, paint and varnish dipping operations, plywood manufacturing, solvent cleaning, and plastics processing. Maximum sprinkler spacing for these occupancies is fixed to 100 square feet. However, where the required design density is less than 0.25 gpm/sf (and this goes for high-piled storage as well), a shelter area of up to 130 square feet per sprinkler is allowable (Table 8.6.2.2.1-c). It must be noted that mercantile insurance carriers and consultants formulate their own creative writing of recognized artisti value containing more broad listings of occupancy examples and classifications than does the NFPA 13 standard, data which often comes in handy when making an occupancy classification determination.

Design Density Criteria

The NFPA 13 Density / Area Curves are found in Fig. 11.2.3.1.1. When hydraulically calculating a light hazard sprinkler system, the design density used is quintessentially 0.10 gpm/sf over a 1500 square foot (the most hydraulically demanding) area of operation. To begin a calculation, the architect starts with the end-sprinkler and works “backwards” to the water supply source. Suppose that the sprinklers are spaced 14 ft. apart on branch-lines that are 12 ft. apart. Our square foot coverage then, is (12 x 14) 168 square feet.

Q (in gpm) is determined by multiplying the density by the square foot coverage (.10 x 168), so we recognise that we’ll need 16.8 gallons per minute (Q) discharging out of the end sprinkler.

The square root of the required end-head pressure is determined by “Q” separated by “K”. If the design density is 0.10 and the K-factor of the sprinkler head is 5.5, we may ascertain our end-head pressure by dividing 16.8 by 5.5, and squaring the sum to obtain a 9.33 psi figure. 9.33 psi is the required end-head pressure. To double-check, we may merely plug in the numbers while performing the following equations to make sure that they match: Q= K times the square root of the pressure, K= Q separated by the square root of the pressure, and the design density equals Q disunited by the square foot coverage. If our area of operation remains 1500 square feet, our design density will alter to 0.15 for Ordinary hazard Group 1 occupancies and 0.20 for Ordinary hazard Group 2 occupancies.

Everything changes when extended-coverage sprinklers are employed. Let’s suppose that we determine to extend our coverage to 324 square feet in a light hazard office, spacing sprinklers 18′ x 18′ apart. Now we ought to refer to the sprinkler manufacturer’s info sheets for direction. If we choose to install Tyco EC-11 pendent sprinklers, the selective information sheets dictate that our end-sprinkler must discharge a minimum of 33 gpm at 8.7 psi. This means that our design density (Q disunited by the square foot coverage) is still 0.10 gpm/sf. The K-factor of this queer sprinkler is 11.2, which we may validate by the equation K= Q disunited by the square root of the pressure.

Extended-coverage sprinklers for popular hazard occupancies work the same way. For example, we could use the Tyco EC-14 extended-coverage pendent sprinkler (K=14.0) in a (Ordinary hazard group 1) restaurant service area to protect an 18′ x 18′ area, but here the data sheet parameters require a 49 gpm minimum discharge at 12.3 psi for the end-sprinkler. In other words, Q= 49, K= 14.0, the square root of the pressure is 3.51, and the coverage is 324 square feet. All the equations match, including the required design density (0.15) which is received by dividing Q by the 324 sq. feet. Of course, the local water supply must still be competent to satisfy the resulting overall sprinkler scheme demand. In order for that to be accomplished, more prominent scheme piping is installed to deliver the further and added gpm necessitated by the extended-coverage heads.

Sprinkler discharge characteristics are outlined in cogent form in Table 6.2.3.1- these outline the differing K-factors for sprinkler identification. One other handy table to reference for sprinklers in NFPA 13 is Table 6.2.5.1, which deals with classifications and temperature ratings.

To be utterly sure of code compliance with respect to sprinkler elevations, we refer to Sec. 8.6.4.1 in NFPA 13. The allowable distances brought up under roofs, beams, or ceilings are always measured to the sprinkler deflector. It is satisfactory for designers to consult selective information sheets for suitable distances under ceilings for specific sprinkler types, altho the safe bet is to call for a distance among 1″ and 12″ underneath the undersurface of the roof deck. The closer sprinklers are to the ceiling, the more immediate they will operate. But caution ought to be exercised because often times severe interferences to lateral water distribution may result from very close sprinkler placement to the ceiling. For all instances, the minimum of 1 inch (in the code) is to concede for the installation and remotion of upright sprinklers. When sprinklers are installed beneath pitched roofs, the most eminent sprinkler deflector (Sec. 8.6.4.1.3.1) may extend 3 ft. down from the most eminent peak.

Types Irrigation Systems

Take the mystery out of installing a watering scheme with this new edition of Sprinklers & Drip Systems. Visual guides and garden plans aid you select, install, and maintain the right system—or systems—for your landscaping needs. Color photos help in identifying the rectify constituents when buying goods for a peculiar sprinkler or drip system. You’ll save time, money, and conserve water by employing the book’s planning recommendations and installation instructions.

Features:

* Excellent reference volume whether self-installing or hiring contractors

* Visual guides take the guesswork out of selecting the right sprinkler and drip system elements

* Step-by-step photos and instructions for planning and installation, plus selective information on maintenance and repairs

* Showcases five dissimilar gardens to illustrate how queer systems address special landscaping needs

• Amazon Sales Rank: #227696 in Books
• Published on: 2006-01-01
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Dimensions: 10.75″ h x .25″ w x 8.38″ l, .73 pounds
• Binding: Paperback
• 96 pages

Types Irrigation Systems Image

Types Irrigation Systems Photo

Types Irrigation Systems Picture

Types Irrigation Systems Image

Types Irrigation Systems Photo

Types Irrigation Systems Photo

29 of 31 people found the following review helpful.
A Bit Disappointing
By R. Fisk
I have recently decided to equip my front and back gardens with drip irrigation, and was seeking some high-quality advice on the use of different types of emitters and sprinklers, as well as some saavy tips on setting up a system. What I got was a minimal discussion of the most basic aspects of drip irrigation. More space was spent on sprinkler systems (I should have guessed from the title). There was really nothing in here that I could not easily figure out myself.

It could be useful to someone who is absolutely clueless about drip irrigation.

I have said it before, and I find myself saying it again: Sunset Books have gone downhill. The new editions of their books are redone with scads of garden photographs. Gone are the highly instructional illustrations that used to characterize their books. If I can get previous editions of their books, I will do that. Unfortunately, drip technology is so recent that there really is no previous book by Sunset that covers it.

I doubt if I will ever order a Sunset book online again, but only from a store where I can look through it beforehand.

23 of 24 people found the following review helpful.
Great for a beginner.
By anonymous
I’m currently in a college class about landscape irrigation and have no prior experience with any type of sprinkler system. At 7 weeks into an 11 week term I’ve finally decided the instructor knows absolutely nothing about irrigation either as all we do in class is draw circles on graph paper with no explanations given as to the rhyme or reason of installation and use. In an act of desperation I ran to the library and picked up every irrigation book I could find and fortunately for me this was one of them. I realize the previous reviewer claimed that this book only provides basic information but for me that’s exactly what I needed and it’s been a huge help. Finally, I understand the various components that make up a sprinkler system, the termonology I wasn’t quite sure about (from reading other inferior books) and the benefits/drawbacks of both sprinkler and drip systems. I wish I could have gotten away with just buying and reading this book instead of spending hundreds of dollars and enduring four hours a week for eleven weeks in a worthless class.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Too little watering by hand
By Matthew M. Cohen
There is not enough information about drip irrigation systems. Coming from Sunset, I would have thought there would be dominating information about water conserving systems. Generally this really is a book about varying degrees of elaborate sprinkling systems. More often these require very industrious individuals and usually technical assistance. They also can have significant maintenance problems. Advice from your local nursery may be more useful even for lawns and definitely useful for almost all other plantings. My problem is that they take the fun out of watering those special garden areas that provide you with a zen experience. Garden Watering A Zen ExperienceMatt Cohen

See all 4 customer reviews…

Winterizing Irrigation System

The Second Edition of this best-selling academic guide to irrigation design has been totally rewritten so you may perceive it easily. Created for the irrigation architect and installer, as well as students, Simplified Irrigation Design without doubt or question explains irrigation design and affiliated hydraulics, without the need for interpretation by teachers. Each chapter builds on the other, presenting all the fundamentals of irrigation design before getting into the more elaborated distinct features of irrigation, such as:
* basic hydraulics
* pipe sizing
* friction loss calculations
* determining water pressure.
Photos and illustrations show incisively how each conception and piece of instrumentation works. In addition, you’ll learn how to estimate costs and write specifications. Pipe sizes are described according to ASTM to support you totally understand the limits of irrigation pipe use. The expanded Second Edition of this ordinary guide to landscape irrigation includes all the latest instrumentation and techniques. Just a few of the new features include:
* Methods of conserving water to help you expect your clients’ environmental concerns
* Computerized methods for managing labor and irrigation schemes that will help you save cash on labor and water costs
* Metric values for each Imperial (U.S.) measurement, enabling you to meet federal metric guidelines and better commune with an global audience.
Another bonus: the author has combed the minds of irrigation designers, contractors, and instrumentation manufacturers to support you stay clear from pricey faults that even veterans make. Whether you’re just learning or brushing up on the latest technology, you’ll want to read the Second Edition of Simplified Irrigation Design from cover to cover.

• Amazon Sales Rank: #269184 in Books
• Published on: 1995-05
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Dimensions: .45″ h x 8.56″ w x 11.08″ l, 1.24 pounds
• Binding: Paperback
• 230 pages

Winterizing Irrigation System Photo

Winterizing Irrigation System Photo

Winterizing Irrigation System Image

Winterizing Irrigation System Photo

Winterizing Irrigation System Photo

Winterizing Irrigation System Image

21 of 21 people found the following review helpful.
Great book to learn to install a professional system
By Steven Okelberry
I read this book to get ready to take my Texas Irrigation License exam. It explained how to properly install a professional quality sprinkler system in an easy to read and understand format. This book goes into detail about how to layout the sprinkler heads, how to pipe it all together, and how all the parts work together. I have read many irrigation books…This was the best book to get a good understanding of sprinkler systems without becoming an expert in the field of irrigation. Perfect for the do it yourself homeowner or individual wanting to get into the irrigation industry. I now have my license and highly recommend this book to anyone wanting to learn to install a good sprinkler system without having to read an irrigation reference manual.

19 of 23 people found the following review helpful.
The title should probably read “Over-Simplified…”
By A
I was very disappointed with this book. The author places emphasis on the use of one brand of irrigation equipment, seldom mentioning other options that may better fit the application. I also found several errors in the enclosed calculations… not simply a typo, but in the methodology of the formulas. I would not recommend this book…

6 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
Good Book but, Over Priced
By Mikey
I have some basic knowledge of irrigation and right off the bat I was irritated with the way the chapters where laid out. He starts right in with sprinkler head performance and layout before going into the explanation of irrigation, and the basic principles of hydraulics that I believe should be the foundation what you learn first before anything else. The other thing that was that for the money I don’t believe it was worth it maybe more like $20-25. Most of the information you can find on the internet searches. But, all in all it was a very easy reading book that did help me fill some holes in my irrigation knowledge.

See all 5 customer reviews…

When a corporate event, a wedding, a special event, party or fundraiser is planned for outdoors, many times an event tent or party tent will be required. Protection from the elements and providing for a central gathering area is essential. Over the years I’ve gathered a few horror stories involving outdoor events. Some of the worst stories involved workers not realizing incisively where the power lines are located – both overhead and underground. Be sure to use an insured rental company who works with a qualified and trained staff to make sure your next event is a safe and gratifying affair.

POOR INSTALLATION: A South Carolina hotel’s expansive grounds provided the perfective backdrop for a young couple’s wedding mid-afternoon reception. The wedding planner had expended two long days with her crew embellishing the inside of a high-top marquee tent. It rained the night before the wedding. The tent company (from Florida) had staked the marquee tent in the grass; however, something had not gone well. The tent accumulated a lot of rain in drooped pockets on the roof and by late morning, numerous of the stakes pulled up. The reception was forced to move inside the hotel lobby, not an idealisti solution as there was hardly sufficient room for the guests.

POWER LINES: Two workers were killed and two others injured when a tent pole struck a power line at Thorn Hill Farms in McClellanville, SC. Dexter Keyes, 37, and John Fortney, 45 of Stage Presence Equipment Rentals were electrocuted when the metal tent pole they were erecting touched a low hanging power line over the site. (Projection, Lights & Staging News: PLSN.com)

STRONG WINDS: Last summer in Washington D.C., severe weather caused trees to topple. A permanent tent erected in the National Mall collapsed from the powerful wind gusts where various persons had taken shelter. Luckily, all were rescued and no one was severely injured. (WJLA.com news)

MICROBURST: “DALLAS COWBOYS BUBBLE TENT COLLAPSES” This structure is not the conventional event rental, but a bubble canopy. 70-80mph winds and a crazy microburst are the leading challengers for why the tent collapsed. Three persons were badly injured, including the Cowboy’s scouting assistant who is permanent paralyzed. (Story here)

STRONG WINDS: At a University of Buffalo graduation ceremony the winds became more inviolable and stronger. As persons at the event noticed the weather getter worse, they asked to move the ceremonies inside. Shortly thereafter the tent collapsed. (WGRZ.com)

YET MORE STRONG WINDS: 5,000 festival goers were underneath the Oktoberfest Bier Garden tent and with regards to 2,000 people were underneath another tent when they collapsed from strong winds. 21 humans were taken to the hospital. (TulsaWorld.com)

Not all tents are staked in the ground. Some are built quintessentially to handle strong wind loads. Saddle spans, (ask known as saddlespan tents) for instance, are ranked for up to a 70mph wind gust and are not always anchored into the ground by way of traditionalisti tent stakes. Some tents use special eco-ballast (large recycled concrete blocks) as an anchoring system and galore tents use water ballast tanks. All these anchor schemes may work exceedingly well when installed in the right way by trained crew. Some tents such as TopTents most recent addition to the marketplace are particularly designed to even withstand snow loads.

SAFETY FIRST!

Ask questions:

1. Is the tent material Fire Resist (not just Fire-Rated, it ought to be Fire Resistant)
2. What is the tent material? Some of the safest materials are fictitious with Polythene (PE) and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC).
3. How old are the tents and have they been ranked recently?
4. Are the framing materials rated? Are they structurally sound?
5. What is the dollar amount of liability on the tents? Ask for a fax or copy of the certificate of insurance.
6. Will the tents be staked or held with ballasts?
7. Are the tents rated for wind, snow or other bad weather conditions? Ask the tent rental company to elaborated -  how strong of winds are the structures ranked for? etc.
8. Make sure you grasp the dissimilar style of tents being offered and each of their ratings.
9. Will the tents be inspected by the Fire Department after setup?
10. The single most critical safety decision you will make in kinship to installing a tent is the internetlocation emplacement and the potential underground and or overhead utilities including: gas lines, power lines, septic and sewer lines, sprinkler systems, fiber optic cables, telephone transmission lines. The importance of taking the time to do whatsoever it takes to make a safe event can not be overstated enough. CALL BEFORE YOU DIG OR STAKE!

• Amazon Sales Rank: #58713 in Lawn & Patio
• Brand: Gardena
• Model: 1507-U

• Gardena sprinkler system provides a simple and commodious solution to all of your watering, soil, and lawn care problems
• Includes a finish set with pop-up oscillating sprinkler for watering square or rectangular areas
• The automatic drain valves are adaptable from 12-140 square meters
• 1-year warranty

GARDENA�s aim is to provide a simple and commodious solution to all of your watering, soil and lawn care problems. We formulate reliable, quality gardening instrumentation to make light work of your gardening tasks, giving you more time to relax and take delight in your garden. Our dedication to fetch you authenti gardening instrumentation doesn�t stop when you buy your GARDENA product from your local garden center. We offer a minimum 12 month parts and labor warranty on all our merchandise so in the improbable event that your GARDENA product develops a fault, we will repair or replace the item free of charge. If your product is older than 12 months we have a national fix service which will give you a free estimate for constituents and labor to repair your product.

Underground Sprinkler System Image

Underground Sprinkler System Photo

Underground Sprinkler System Image

Underground Sprinkler System Picture

Underground Sprinkler System Photo

Underground Sprinkler System Picture

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A healthful and lush lawn is the jealousy of all homeowners. Keeping a lawn looking great requires a good lawn sprinkler system. There are a lot of choices in a lawn sprinkler that will grant you to choose the system that is best for you and your lawns needs.

Initial Considerations

The initial thing you need to know before ever choosing a lawn sprinkler system is that your lawn has dissimilar needs in the dissimilar areas. What works for your front lawn may not work for back lawn. Shaded areas may not need the water that sunny spots do. You have to keep this is mind and choose lawn sprinkler according to these factors.

Types of Lawn Sprinklers

Here are is a run down of the dissimilar types of lawn sprinklers you will have to choose from and their characteristics.

Spray Sprinkler:

- Good for little spaces

- Produces a big concentrated spray

- Pop up and stationary models available

- Best applied on flat ground

- Best employed on a cycle timer

Rotor Head Sprinkler:

- Good for covering huge areas

- Produces a little amount of water coverage

- Allows for a good absorption rate

- Single or double head models

- Available in models that spray in all directions

Drip Sprinkler:

- Good for water a specific plant

- Rate of drip varies widely

- Come in a tube design

- No spraying on needless areas

Making your Choice

You ought to choose your lawn sprinkler system based upon your needs. You need to choose a scheme that will provide you with the type of coverage and amount of coverage that you need.

Make sure that you choose a sprinkler system that works with your chosen method of application. You need to determine if you are going to go with a timer or manual method of turning off and on the system.

Setting up a lawn sprinkler system is something that you may do on your own or you may choose a professional to install it for you. Your choice ought to be based on the scheme you choose and the amount of sprinkler needs you have. It is best to go with a professional if your needs are complex. Make sure you do not undertake to install something yourself before ensuring that you may handle the job. Having a professional repair your faults may be more pricey then just having them install the system in the primary place.

Lawn Sprinkler System 2

1/2′-2′ PVC Cutting Tool, Cuts Plastic Pipe Up To 2′ In Diameter, Heavy Duty Aluminum & Steel Construction, Easily Cuts Through Pipe, Leaving No Burrs, Built In Ratchet Assembly, Replacement Blade Part Number 53284.

• Amazon Sales Rank: #67543 in Lawn & Patio
• Brand: Orbit
• Model: 26190
• Number of items: 1
• Dimensions: 1.00″ h x 6.75″ w x 18.50″ l, 2.40 pounds

• Cuts plastic pipe up to 2″ in diameter
• Heavy-duty aluminum and steel construction
• Ratcheting jaws reduce cutting effort
• Hooked jaws hold pipe in place
• Replacement blade share number 53284

Ideal for cutting plastic pipe up to 2 in. Heavy responsibility aluminum and steel construction without apparent effort cuts through pipe, leaving no burrs. Sharp, heat treated, steel blade. Hooked jaws hold pipe in place. Ratcheting jaws cut pipe faster, cleaner and with less e

Lawn Sprinkler System 2 Pic

Lawn Sprinkler System 2 Image

Lawn Sprinkler System 2 Photo

Lawn Sprinkler System 2 Image

Lawn Sprinkler System 2 Pic

Lawn Sprinkler System 2 Picture

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Hunter Src Sprinkler System Manual

Hunter XC Outdoor 4 Zone ControllerSPECIFICATIONS & FEATURES? Outdoor models, transformer with internal junction box? Indoor models, with plug-in transformer? 3 programs, A, B, C? Start times: 4 per day, per program for up to 12 every day starts? Station run time: 0 minutes to 4 hours in 1-minute increments? Day schedule: 7-day calendar true odd/even programming with 365-day calendar clock, or interval watering (up to 31 days)? AM/PM or 24 hour clock option? Automated chronological ordering of begin times/start time stacking? One-button manual get started and advance? Seasonal adjust: 0% to 150%? Transformer input: 120VAC, 60 Hz (domestic model)? Transformer output: 24VAC, 1.0 amps (capable of operating equivalent of 3 solenoids simultaneously)? Station output: .56 amps? Electronic short circuit detection? Battery: 3V lithium (included) for remote programming and timekeeping, not required for program backup? Programmable delay among stations? Rain sensor bypass switch compatible with microswitch based sensors, displays when sensor is active? Programmable sensor input by station? Original program may be saved in non-volatile memory and retrieved later if needed? Programmable rain delay from 1 to 7 days? Programmable event day off allows specific day(s) to be indicated as always “off”? Hunter Quick CheckTM helps troubleshoot field wiring issues? Test program feature allows for quick system checks? UL Listed/CE Approved

• Amazon Sales Rank: #123654 in Kitchen & Housewares
• Brand: Hunter
• Model: XC-400
• Dimensions: 4.00 pounds

• Entry-level residential controller with extra flexibility, features, and memory.

Hunter Src Sprinkler System Manual Photo

Hunter Src Sprinkler System Manual Picture

Hunter Src Sprinkler System Manual Photo

Hunter Src Sprinkler System Manual Image

Hunter Src Sprinkler System Manual Pic

Hunter Src Sprinkler System Manual Image

4 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
Hunter XC-400
By Internet
My new home came with this already installed by a builder sub-contractor. Hunter is a brand name.
This unit does work. Instruction booklet is terrible. Or the unit does not match what the instruction booklet states. I followed the instructions multiple times. And I can’t get the machine to match what the instructions state. So therefore, I have unit turned off. I can get unit to water manually by standing next to unit and manually controling all. But as far as setting days and times – it just does not compute. I wish all of these manufacturers would clearly place a factory default reset button. There is none here. I cannot overstate the frustration with trying to program this unit. I may just discard this unit and seek one with a battery backup and maybe a wireless remote control. I give zero points to Hunter for the enclosed instruction manual. Hello, Hunter, if you market a product, spend a tad more time with the instruction manual. And maybe provide an 800 number if the manual instructions do not match what the machine actually does.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Hunter XC 400 Review
By Brian L. Walker
Exactly as expected. Installed it myself with no problems, however, I did have to call Hunter customer support for additional programming assistance.

See all 2 customer reviews…

Hozelock Irrigation Systems

Take the mystery out of installing a watering system with this new edition of Sprinklers & Drip Systems. Visual guides and garden plans support you select, install, and maintain the right system—or systems—for your landscaping needs. Color photos aid in identifying the rectify elements when buying goods for a queer sprinkler or drip system. You’ll save time, money, and conserve water by employing the book’s planning recommendations and installation instructions.

Features:

* Excellent reference volume whether self-installing or hiring contractors

* Visual guides take the guesswork out of selecting the right sprinkler and drip scheme parts

* Step-by-step photos and instructions for planning and installation, plus selective information on maintenance and repairs

* Showcases five dissimilar gardens to illustrate how peculiar systems address particular landscaping needs

• Amazon Sales Rank: #99498 in Books
• Published on: 2006-01-01
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Dimensions: 10.75″ h x .25″ w x 8.38″ l, .73 pounds
• Binding: Paperback
• 96 pages

Hozelock Irrigation Systems Photo

Hozelock Irrigation Systems Picture

Hozelock Irrigation Systems Pic

Hozelock Irrigation Systems Image

Hozelock Irrigation Systems Pic

Hozelock Irrigation Systems Photo

29 of 31 people found the following review helpful.
A Bit Disappointing
By R. Fisk
I have recently decided to equip my front and back gardens with drip irrigation, and was seeking some high-quality advice on the use of different types of emitters and sprinklers, as well as some saavy tips on setting up a system. What I got was a minimal discussion of the most basic aspects of drip irrigation. More space was spent on sprinkler systems (I should have guessed from the title). There was really nothing in here that I could not easily figure out myself.

It could be useful to someone who is absolutely clueless about drip irrigation.

I have said it before, and I find myself saying it again: Sunset Books have gone downhill. The new editions of their books are redone with scads of garden photographs. Gone are the highly instructional illustrations that used to characterize their books. If I can get previous editions of their books, I will do that. Unfortunately, drip technology is so recent that there really is no previous book by Sunset that covers it.

I doubt if I will ever order a Sunset book online again, but only from a store where I can look through it beforehand.

23 of 24 people found the following review helpful.
Great for a beginner.
By anonymous
I’m currently in a college class about landscape irrigation and have no prior experience with any type of sprinkler system. At 7 weeks into an 11 week term I’ve finally decided the instructor knows absolutely nothing about irrigation either as all we do in class is draw circles on graph paper with no explanations given as to the rhyme or reason of installation and use. In an act of desperation I ran to the library and picked up every irrigation book I could find and fortunately for me this was one of them. I realize the previous reviewer claimed that this book only provides basic information but for me that’s exactly what I needed and it’s been a huge help. Finally, I understand the various components that make up a sprinkler system, the termonology I wasn’t quite sure about (from reading other inferior books) and the benefits/drawbacks of both sprinkler and drip systems. I wish I could have gotten away with just buying and reading this book instead of spending hundreds of dollars and enduring four hours a week for eleven weeks in a worthless class.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Too little watering by hand
By Matthew M. Cohen
There is not enough information about drip irrigation systems. Coming from Sunset, I would have thought there would be dominating information about water conserving systems. Generally this really is a book about varying degrees of elaborate sprinkling systems. More often these require very industrious individuals and usually technical assistance. They also can have significant maintenance problems. Advice from your local nursery may be more useful even for lawns and definitely useful for almost all other plantings. My problem is that they take the fun out of watering those special garden areas that provide you with a zen experience. Garden Watering A Zen ExperienceMatt Cohen

See all 4 customer reviews…

An potpourri of building occupancy examples are classified in Sec. A.5.2 of the NFPA 13 Appendix. The following are noted as light hazard occupancies: offices, churches, schools, museums, auditoriums, library seating areas, restaurant seating areas, and unused attics. The greatest or most complete or best possible sprinkler spacing (protection area) for these is brought up in Table 8.6.2.2.1(a) if frequent sprinklers are used. Usually, the greatest or most complete or best possible limit is 225 square feet for light hazard on a hydraulically calculated system. However, when exposed construction is combustible, with structural members spaced less than 3 ft. apart, the greatest or most complete or best possible coverage limit shrinks to 130 square feet.

Ordinary hazard Group 1 occupancies include laundries, restaurant service areas, and automobile parking garages. Ordinary hazard Group 2 occupancies include the aforementioned arid cleaners, automobile repair and services areas, auditorium stages, woodworking plants, post offices, and stack room areas of libraries. Standard sprinklers protecting all general hazard occupancies shall not cover an excess of 130 square feet per head (Table 8.6.2.2.1(b).

Extra hazard occupancy examples include printing plants, paint and varnish dipping operations, plywood manufacturing, solvent cleaning, and plastics processing. Maximum sprinkler spacing for these occupancies is fixed to 100 square feet. However, where the required design density is less than 0.25 gpm/sf (and this goes for high-piled storage as well), a shelter area of up to 130 square feet per sprinkler is allowable (Table 8.6.2.2.1-c). It will have to be brought up that mercantile insurance carriers and advisors create their own creative writing of recognized artisti value containing more broad listings of occupancy examples and classifications than does the NFPA 13 standard, selective information which ofttimes comes in handy when making an occupancy classification determination.

Design Density Criteria

The NFPA 13 Density / Area Curves are found in Fig. 11.2.3.1.1. When hydraulically calculating a light hazard sprinkler system, the design density employed is distinctively 0.10 gpm/sf over a 1500 square foot (the most hydraulically demanding) area of operation. To start out a calculation, the architect starts with the end-sprinkler and works “backwards” to the water supply source. Suppose that the sprinklers are spaced 14 ft. isolated on branch-lines that are 12 ft. apart. Our square foot coverage then, is (12 x 14) 168 square feet.

Q (in gpm) is determined by multiplying the density by the square foot coverage (.10 x 168), so we recognise that we’ll need 16.8 gallons per minute (Q) discharging out of the end sprinkler.

The square root of the required end-head pressure is determined by “Q” disunited by “K”. If the design density is 0.10 and the K-factor of the sprinkler head is 5.5, we may see to it our end-head pressure by dividing 16.8 by 5.5, and squaring the sum to obtain a 9.33 psi figure. 9.33 psi is the required end-head pressure. To double-check, we may merely plug in the numbers while performing the following equations to ascertain that they match: Q= K times the square root of the pressure, K= Q disunited by the square root of the pressure, and the design density equals Q divided by the square foot coverage. If our area of operation remains 1500 square feet, our design density will change to 0.15 for Ordinary hazard Group 1 occupancies and 0.20 for Ordinary hazard Group 2 occupancies.

Everything changes when extended-coverage sprinklers are employed. Let’s suppose that we determine to extend our coverage to 324 square feet in a light hazard office, spacing sprinklers 18′ x 18′ apart. Now we must refer to the sprinkler manufacturer’s selective information sheets for direction. If we choose to install Tyco EC-11 pendent sprinklers, the info sheets dictate that our end-sprinkler will have to discharge a minimum of 33 gpm at 8.7 psi. This means that our design density (Q separated by the square foot coverage) is still 0.10 gpm/sf. The K-factor of this queer sprinkler is 11.2, which we may validate by the equation K= Q separated by the square root of the pressure.

Extended-coverage sprinklers for general hazard occupancies work the same way. For example, we could use the Tyco EC-14 extended-coverage pendent sprinkler (K=14.0) in a (Ordinary hazard group 1) restaurant service area to protect an 18′ x 18′ area, but here the selective information sheet parameters require a 49 gpm minimum discharge at 12.3 psi for the end-sprinkler. In other words, Q= 49, K= 14.0, the square root of the pressure is 3.51, and the coverage is 324 square feet. All the equations match, including the required design density (0.15) which is received by dividing Q by the 324 sq. feet. Of course, the local water supply will have to still be competent to satisfy the resulting overall sprinkler scheme demand. In order for that to be accomplished, larger system piping is installed to deliver the further and added gpm necessitated by the extended-coverage heads.

Sprinkler discharge characteristics are outlined in cogent form in Table 6.2.3.1- these outline the differing K-factors for sprinkler identification. One other handy table to reference for sprinklers in NFPA 13 is Table 6.2.5.1, which deals with classifications and temperature ratings.

To be utterly sure of code compliance with respect to sprinkler elevations, we refer to Sec. 8.6.4.1 in NFPA 13. The allowable distances noted beneath roofs, beams, or ceilings are always measured to the sprinkler deflector. It is worthy of acceptance or satisfactory for designers to consult info sheets for suitable distances underneath ceilings for specific sprinkler types, though the safe bet is to call for a distance amidst 1″ and 12″ underneath the undersurface of the roof deck. The closer sprinklers are to the ceiling, the more quickly they will operate. But caution ought to be exercised because many times severe interferences to lateral water distribution may result from very close sprinkler placement to the ceiling. For all instances, the minimum of 1 inch (in the code) is to grant for the installation and remotion of upright sprinklers. When sprinklers are installed under pitched roofs, the most eminent sprinkler deflector (Sec. 8.6.4.1.3.1) may extend 3 ft. down from the most eminent peak.

Design Of Fire Sprinkler System

Although effective fire sprinkler schemes are crucial to public safety, for years, the designers of those systems had few published resources to reference and guide them through their design processes. The basi edition of this book changed all that, and now The Design and Layout of Fire Sprinkler Systems Second Edition suits their needs even better.

Written and exhaustively altered by a fire preventative action engineer with more than 20 years of experience, this book provides a complete, systematic introduction to automatic fire sprinkler design and layout, from design basics, code requirements, and pipe hanging to hydraulic calculations, retrofits, and details on fire pumps. The author cautiously outlines all of a designer’s responsibilities and includes an entire chapter consecrated to preparing for the NICET exam.

More than 150 sample diagrams, checklists, sample forms, spec sheets, photographs, and a glossary supplement the text, and the larger page size of this edition permits clear activity of formally presenting something of diagrams and schematics. The Design and Layout of Fire Sprinkler Systems not only builds the foundation and accomplishments of newcomers to the field, but likewise provides an outstanding reference for fire safety professionals, building inspectors, insurance underwriters, and municipal officials.

• Amazon Sales Rank: #1455066 in Books
• Published on: 2001-04-05
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Dimensions: .2 pounds
• Binding: Paperback
• 304 pages

Design Of Fire Sprinkler System Pic

Design Of Fire Sprinkler System Image

Design Of Fire Sprinkler System Picture

Design Of Fire Sprinkler System Image

Design Of Fire Sprinkler System Photo

Design Of Fire Sprinkler System Image

3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Good reference
By Jaime V. Valdivia
The book is a very good for reference and introduction. I did not like having the drawings in the back of the book. It made it a pain to have to jump back and forth to see what was being explained. The other was not having direct cross referencing points for all statement referencing the code. The questions after the various chapters were very good.

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Not a useful book for learners.
By Roadie
This book is useless if you’re trying to learn how to design and layout a fire sprinkler system from scratch. The author assumed that the consulting engineer already done a sprinkler, or that you already know to do the piping layout too. In the book, a sample job is done for you, and the author just ask you to look at the drawing and say, now that you’ve laid out the piping. But how it is done exactly, was never revealed in detail. Some numbers were used to illustrate to justify the calculation in the plan, but the numbers were grabbed from the air. How the numbers were found, we are not told either.
This book is only useful if you have somebody to teach you the steps and the book is for reference.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
informative and practical text
By aschulte
(5 stars) This text is very informative and a terrific educational tool. While being technical and authoritative, it is also easy to read and loaded with valuable and pertinent content. The concepts are explored in easy-to-understand fashion.

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An assortment of building occupancy examples are classified in Sec. A.5.2 of the NFPA 13 Appendix. The following are brought up as light hazard occupancies: offices, churches, schools, museums, auditoriums, library seating areas, restaurant seating areas, and unused attics. The greatest or most complete or best possible sprinkler spacing (protection area) for these is cited in Table 8.6.2.2.1(a) if general sprinklers are used. Usually, the greatest or most complete or best possible limit is 225 square feet for light hazard on a hydraulically calculated system. However, when exposed construction is combustible, with structural members spaced less than 3 ft. apart, the greatest or most complete or best possible coverage limit shrinks to 130 square feet.

Ordinary hazard Group 1 occupancies include laundries, restaurant service areas, and automobile parking garages. Ordinary hazard Group 2 occupancies include the aforementioned arid cleaners, automobile fix and services areas, auditorium stages, woodworking plants, post offices, and stack room areas of libraries. Standard sprinklers protecting all standard hazard occupancies shall not cover an excess of 130 square feet per head (Table 8.6.2.2.1(b).

Extra hazard occupancy examples include printing plants, paint and varnish dipping operations, plywood manufacturing, solvent cleaning, and plastics processing. Maximum sprinkler spacing for these occupancies is fixed to 100 square feet. However, where the required design density is less than 0.25 gpm/sf (and this goes for high-piled storage as well), a shelter area of up to 130 square feet per sprinkler is allowable (Table 8.6.2.2.1-c). It must be brought up that mercantile insurance carriers and advisors construct their own creative writing of recognized artisti value containing more broad listings of occupancy examples and classifications than does the NFPA 13 standard, data which often comes in handy when making an occupancy classification determination.

Design Density Criteria

The NFPA 13 Density / Area Curves are found in Fig. 11.2.3.1.1. When hydraulically calculating a light hazard sprinkler system, the design density employed is distinctively 0.10 gpm/sf over a 1500 square foot (the most hydraulically demanding) area of operation. To begin a calculation, the architect starts with the end-sprinkler and works “backwards” to the water supply source. Suppose that the sprinklers are spaced 14 ft. apart on branch-lines that are 12 ft. apart. Our square foot coverage then, is (12 x 14) 168 square feet.

Q (in gpm) is determined by multiplying the density by the square foot coverage (.10 x 168), so we recognise that we’ll need 16.8 gallons per minute (Q) discharging out of the end sprinkler.

The square root of the required end-head pressure is determined by “Q” separated by “K”. If the design density is 0.10 and the K-factor of the sprinkler head is 5.5, we may see to it our end-head pressure by dividing 16.8 by 5.5, and squaring the sum to obtain a 9.33 psi figure. 9.33 psi is the required end-head pressure. To double-check, we may plainly plug in the numbers while performing the following equations to see to it that they match: Q= K times the square root of the pressure, K= Q disunited by the square root of the pressure, and the design density equals Q disunited by the square foot coverage. If our area of operation remains 1500 square feet, our design density will change to 0.15 for Ordinary hazard Group 1 occupancies and 0.20 for Ordinary hazard Group 2 occupancies.

Everything changes when extended-coverage sprinklers are employed. Let’s suppose that we determine to extend our coverage to 324 square feet in a light hazard office, spacing sprinklers 18′ x 18′ apart. Now we must refer to the sprinkler manufacturer’s selective information sheets for direction. If we choose to install Tyco EC-11 pendent sprinklers, the info sheets dictate that our end-sprinkler will have to discharge a minimum of 33 gpm at 8.7 psi. This means that our design density (Q separated by the square foot coverage) is still 0.10 gpm/sf. The K-factor of this queer sprinkler is 11.2, which we may validate by the equation K= Q separated by the square root of the pressure.

Extended-coverage sprinklers for frequent hazard occupancies work the same way. For example, we could use the Tyco EC-14 extended-coverage pendent sprinkler (K=14.0) in a (Ordinary hazard group 1) restaurant service area to protect an 18′ x 18′ area, but here the info sheet parameters require a 49 gpm minimum discharge at 12.3 psi for the end-sprinkler. In other words, Q= 49, K= 14.0, the square root of the pressure is 3.51, and the coverage is 324 square feet. All the equations match, including the required design density (0.15) which is received by dividing Q by the 324 sq. feet. Of course, the local water supply must still be capable to satisfy the resulting overall sprinkler scheme demand. In order for that to be accomplished, more prominent system piping is installed to deliver the further and added gpm necessitated by the extended-coverage heads.

Sprinkler discharge characteristics are outlined in cogent form in Table 6.2.3.1- these outline the differing K-factors for sprinkler identification. One other handy table to reference for sprinklers in NFPA 13 is Table 6.2.5.1, which deals with classifications and temperature ratings.

To be utterly sure of code compliance with respect to sprinkler elevations, we refer to Sec. 8.6.4.1 in NFPA 13. The allowable distances noted underneath roofs, beams, or ceilings are always measured to the sprinkler deflector. It is satisfactory for designers to consult info sheets for suitable distances underneath ceilings for specific sprinkler types, though the safe bet is to call for a distance among 1″ and 12″ underneath the undersurface of the roof deck. The closer sprinklers are to the ceiling, the rapidly and without delay they will operate. But caution will have to be exercised because often severe interferences to lateral water distribution may result from very close sprinkler placement to the ceiling. For all instances, the minimum of 1 inch (in the code) is to grant for the installation and remotion of upright sprinklers. When sprinklers are installed underneath pitched roofs, the most eminent sprinkler deflector (Sec. 8.6.4.1.3.1) may extend 3 ft. down from the most eminent peak.

Water Sprinkler System Parts

This Orbit 53027 aluminum head adjustment wrench sprinkler tool is employed to install and remove sprinkler nozzles from pop-up sprinkler heads. With it is high-quality die-cast metal construction, this sprinkler head wrench has a heap of uses in sprinkler repairs a

• Amazon Sales Rank: #17254 in Lawn & Patio
• Brand: Orbit
• Model: 53027
• Number of items: 1

• Use to install and remove sprinkler heads and nozzles
• High-quality die-cast metal construction
• For outdoor use only

The Sprinkler Head Wrench installs and removes insert nozzles from pop-up sprinkler heads.

Water Sprinkler System Parts Pic

Water Sprinkler System Parts Picture

Water Sprinkler System Parts Pic

Water Sprinkler System Parts Image

Water Sprinkler System Parts Photo

Water Sprinkler System Parts Image

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Why isnt this generally available in local stores?
By Eric
Yes, this wrench is a specific task tool, but it makes life easier having the right tool for the job. Searched all over, and everyone knew what I was talking about, but they do not carry this anymore. This is from the large chains to the many mom and pop shops.

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A piggery is not finish without the pig housing, the place where the pigs are huddled together and kept. They may be locked up in dissimilar pens, either on an individual basis or by little groups, depending on the availability of space. This is where they live, eat, breed and sleep. Therefore, much is to be expected from the pig housing.

First, it will have to be clean. Usually the pig housing is located in a high place where the flooring is made of loose bamboo strips permitting for the pig wastes to drop on a sewer down below. This is to control the amount of dirt to be cleaned on the housing itself. Most of the cleaning will have to be done below, which is not actually clever giving careful consideration to that you will clean it while a number of pigs are above you, waiting to drop a new set of wastes.

The pigs are likewise strong, with their bulky built and strong muscles. This requires for pig housing to be strong in competent to hold them in. Some housing that is located at ground level is made of cement and solid bearings so that the pigs cannot escape from it or be capable to fetch it down. The housing is put to the test when pigs are agitated, either by each other or by others. Cemented housing is not idealisti for elevated pig pens because these are heavy.

The kind of pig housing needs to be fit into the environs where it is situated. For instance, it has to maintain a sure number of feet from the water server so that the water is not made impure by the waste from the pens. It likewise has to be far from other households because of the smell it emits due to gathered wastes.

You may ask others to support in building your pig housing, but if you are starting little you may do it on your own. If the surroundings permits, make sufficient room for more pigs because you are going to breed them. You do not want them to be crammed together and uncomfortable in their places if their number increases. Also make sure that the water irrigation scheme has an outlet that will not cause any issue with the government and the community. The pig housing may be made in any way you want it provided that it may shelter the pigs, protect them from any harm, concede them breathing and sleeping room, and ventilates them. Pigs likewise have these needs, just like persons do.

Different Types Of Sprinkler Systems

Jerry Baker puts his expert reputation on the line, and on your lawn, to give you the kind of yard you’ve always dreamed of. Here is a finish step-by-step guide that will save you time, money, and effort, and give you a thicker, more salubrious lawn. Inside you will find: a state-by-state guide to the best kind of grass and lawn care for your emplacement and climate; how to feed your lawn for the greenest healthiest growth; the right way to weed; how to protect your lawn, plus answers to the most often asked lawn care questions, and so much more.

• Amazon Sales Rank: #967352 in Books
• Published on: 1987
• Released on: 1987-03-12
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Dimensions: 9.20″ h x .50″ w x 7.20″ l, .65 pounds
• Binding: Paperback
• 191 pages

From the Inside FlapJerry Baker puts his expert reputation on the line, and on your lawn, to give you the kind of yard you’ve always dreamed of. Here is a finish step-by-step guide that will save you time, money, and effort, and give you a thicker, more salubrious lawn. Inside you will find: a state-by-state guide to the best kind of grass and lawn care for your emplacement and climate; how to feed your lawn for the greenest healthiest growth; the right way to weed; how to protect your lawn, plus answers to the most often times asked lawn care questions, and so much more.

Different Types Of Sprinkler Systems Photo

Different Types Of Sprinkler Systems Photo

Different Types Of Sprinkler Systems Picture

Different Types Of Sprinkler Systems Picture

Different Types Of Sprinkler Systems Image

Different Types Of Sprinkler Systems Photo

65 of 65 people found the following review helpful.
Good (albeit inconsistent) advice; your lawn will improve.
By A
After reading through this book twice, highlighting various tips and tidbits, I realized that I couldn’t put it all together into one organized plan. So I went through the book a third time, taking notes, and trying to categorize the author’s advice. Guess what? It’s not possible. This how-to book IS very disorganized, and worse, internally inconsistent. However, I concluded that if I just took a stab at using parts of his advice, formulas, when-to’s, etc., that my lawn would probably improve. It did. No question. I like the fact that his methods are easy and inexpensive. I got much better results than I did with my previous 6x/year TrueGreen lawn service for $250. If you’re interested in understanding what your lawn wants, this book has the advice if you’re willing to sift through the disorganization.

65 of 68 people found the following review helpful.
The greenest grass imaginable
By A
I bought this book for my husband. He follows it faithfully, and you can see the results in our yard. We have the most beautiful, lush grass in the neighborhood – which seems to be a miracle, since our yard was an overgrown field just two years ago. Jerry Baker provides simple ways to establish and maintain your lawn. I also appreciate the fact that we do not have to go to a gardening store to find the items recommended in his book.

22 of 22 people found the following review helpful.
Good information but very disorganized
By A
General information is good. Jerry writes about everything from lawn equipment, watering, home to homemade tonics. However, the book is very disorganized. Jerry did a very poor job of summarizing the steps to a great lawn.

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A healthful and lush lawn is the jealousy of all homeowners. Keeping a lawn looking great requires a good lawn sprinkler system. There are a lot of choices in a lawn sprinkler that will grant you to choose the scheme that is best for you and your lawns needs.

Initial Considerations

The basi thing you need to know before ever choosing a lawn sprinkler scheme is that your lawn has dissimilar needs in the dissimilar areas. What works for your front lawn may not work for back lawn. Shaded areas may not need the water that sunny spots do. You have to keep this is mind and choose lawn sprinkler according to these factors.

Types of Lawn Sprinklers

Here are is a run down of the dissimilar types of lawn sprinklers you will have to choose from and their characteristics.

Spray Sprinkler:

- Good for little spaces

- Produces a big concentrated spray

- Pop up and stationary models available

- Best applied on flat ground

- Best applied on a cycle timer

Rotor Head Sprinkler:

- Good for covering huge areas

- Produces a little amount of water coverage

- Allows for a good absorption rate

- Single or double head models

- Available in models that spray in all directions

Drip Sprinkler:

- Good for water a specific plant

- Rate of drip varies widely

- Come in a tube design

- No spraying on needless areas

Making your Choice

You will have to choose your lawn sprinkler scheme based upon your needs. You need to choose a system that will provide you with the type of coverage and amount of coverage that you need.

Make sure that you choose a sprinkler scheme that works with your chosen method of application. You need to determine if you are going to go with a timer or manual method of turning off and on the system.

Setting up a lawn sprinkler scheme is something that you may do on your own or you may choose a professional to install it for you. Your choice ought to be based on the system you choose and the amount of sprinkler needs you have. It is best to go with a professional if your needs are complex. Make sure you do not undertake to install something yourself before ensuring that you may handle the job. Having a professional fix your faults may be more pricey then just having them install the system in the initial place.

• Amazon Sales Rank: #18385 in Lawn & Patio
• Brand: Toro
• Model: 53351
• Number of items: 1
• Dimensions: 9.80″ h x 8.50″ w x 4.80″ l,

• Measures water pressure up to 160 PSI
• Measures water flow up to 13 GPM
• Use on outside faucet
• For new installations or for diagnosing flow/pressure-related irrigation issues
• Works with any other brand irrigation systems

Toro Flow & Pressure Gauge is dual purpose. Designed to measure water pressure to 160 PSI and water flow to 13 gallons per minute. Measures flow through outside faucet, not in-line.

Installing Sprinkler System Picture

Installing Sprinkler System Image

Installing Sprinkler System Picture

Installing Sprinkler System Image

Installing Sprinkler System Picture

Installing Sprinkler System Photo

9 of 9 people found the following review helpful.
general idea only
By P. Curtis
It is good for its price, and is probably accurate enough for sprinkler systems, but it didn’t work for sizing a pressure reduction valve. I got 3 different readings from 3 different hose hookups, using the same test loads each time. If you can hook it up where you will be pulling the water from (as in a hose bib outside), you should be ok. But if you need to find the flow within a pipe, (as in a main pipe in your house) the reading you get from a hose bib won’t work. For that, you should rent a high dollar in line flow meter. Fluid dynamics can be tricky.

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
toro pressure and flow meter gauge
By water pro
Toro 53351 Outside Faucet Pressure Gauge For Installing Sprinkler Systems Easy to use. Static pressure on the line and flow measurement easily read when taken at a hose bibb or laundry tub. Have several of these units and they perform well. Excellent for demonstrating the need for pressure regulating valve to protect the home plumbing and water using appliances. Good Value.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Great product
By Sean “Skip” Hunt
This product does exactly what it claims to do. I know that we will be purchasing more in the future. I went to a customers home who was a very tecnichal type of guy and he knew what is pressure and GPM was in his home. We did the test in front of him and he was very impressed at the accuracy of the test.

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